通過式清洗機是一種自動化清洗設備，通過輸送帶將工件連續送入清洗區域，在封閉空間內完成多工序清洗，廣泛應用于機械制造、汽車零部件、五金加工等領域，能高效去除工件表面的油污、鐵屑、粉塵等雜質。其工作原理圍繞 “連續輸送、多段處理、精準控制” 展開，通過各環節協同運作，實現工件批量清潔，滿足規模化生產對清潔度的要求。

　　The through type cleaning machine is an automated cleaning equipment that continuously sends workpieces into the cleaning area through a conveyor belt and completes multi process cleaning in a closed space. It is widely used in fields such as mechanical manufacturing, automotive parts, and hardware processing, and can efficiently remove impurities such as oil stains, iron filings, and dust on the surface of workpieces. Its working principle revolves around "continuous conveying, multi-stage processing, and precise control". Through collaborative operation of various links, it achieves batch cleaning of workpieces and meets the cleanliness requirements of large-scale production.

　　輸送系統是設備基礎，負責帶動工件完成整個清洗流程，確保連續性。輸送帶通常采用不銹鋼網帶、鏈條或滾輪結構，根據工件形狀選擇適配方式：網帶式適合小型、輕型工件，防止掉落；鏈條式搭配工裝夾具，適合固定異形工件；滾輪式用于大型平板類工件。輸送帶運行速度可通過變頻電機調節，配合清洗時間需求設定，確保工件在每個環節停留足夠時間。輸送路徑多為直線式，部分設備設計為 U 型或 L 型，縮短占地面積的同時，保證工件依次經過各功能區域。

　　The conveying system is the foundation of the equipment, responsible for driving the workpiece to complete the entire cleaning process and ensuring continuity. Conveyor belts usually use stainless steel mesh belts, chains, or roller structures, and the adaptation method is selected according to the shape of the workpiece: mesh belt type is suitable for small and lightweight workpieces to prevent them from falling off; Chain type matching fixture, suitable for fixing irregular workpieces; Roller type is used for large flat workpieces. The running speed of the conveyor belt can be adjusted by a variable frequency motor and set according to the cleaning time requirements to ensure that the workpiece stays for sufficient time at each stage. The conveying path is mostly linear, and some equipment is designed as U-shaped or L-shaped to shorten the footprint while ensuring that the workpiece passes through each functional area in sequence.

　　預處理環節是清洗第一步，去除工件表面大量疏松雜質，為后續精細清洗奠定基礎。通常采用高壓噴淋方式，通過輸送路徑兩側的噴嘴，向工件噴射有一定壓力的清水或堿性清洗液，沖擊并剝離浮塵、鐵屑和部分可溶性油污。針對帶盲孔、縫隙的復雜工件，設備配備專用旋轉噴嘴深入孔洞噴射，避免雜質殘留。部分預處理系統加入浸泡工序，讓工件在清洗液中短暫浸泡，使頑固油污軟化，提升噴淋效果，預處理后工件表面雜質去除率可達 60%-80%。

　　The preprocessing stage is the first step in cleaning, removing a large amount of loose impurities from the surface of the workpiece, laying the foundation for subsequent fine cleaning. Usually, high-pressure spraying is used to spray water or alkaline cleaning solution with a certain pressure onto the workpiece through nozzles on both sides of the conveying path, impacting and peeling off floating dust, iron filings, and some soluble oil stains. For complex workpieces with blind holes and gaps, the equipment is equipped with dedicated rotating nozzles to spray deep into the holes to avoid residual impurities. Part of the pre-treatment system includes a soaking process, allowing the workpiece to be briefly soaked in the cleaning solution to soften stubborn oil stains and improve the spraying effect. After pre-treatment, the removal rate of impurities on the surface of the workpiece can reach 60% -80%.

　　主清洗環節是去除頑固污漬的核心，通過多種方式結合實現深度清潔。根據工件污漬類型，可采用高壓噴淋、超聲波清洗或浸泡刷洗等方式：高壓噴淋提高噴射壓力，配合高溫清洗液，利用壓力與溫度協同作用瓦解頑固油污；超聲波清洗適用于精密工件，通過高頻振動使清洗液產生微小氣泡，氣泡破裂釋放的能量沖擊工件表面及縫隙，清除細微雜質；對于有銹蝕或厚層油污的工件，增加刷洗裝置，通過旋轉毛刷與工件表面摩擦，配合清洗液去除牢固附著的污漬。主清洗環節的清洗液循環使用，通過過濾系統去除雜質，延長使用壽命，降低運行成本。

　　The main cleaning process is the core of removing stubborn stains, achieving deep cleaning through a combination of multiple methods. According to the type of workpiece stains, high-pressure spraying, ultrasonic cleaning, or immersion scrubbing can be used: high-pressure spraying increases the spraying pressure, combined with high-temperature cleaning solution, using the synergistic effect of pressure and temperature to dissolve stubborn oil stains; Ultrasonic cleaning is suitable for precision workpieces, which generates small bubbles in the cleaning solution through high-frequency vibration. The energy released by the burst of the bubbles impacts the surface and gaps of the workpiece, removing fine impurities; For workpieces with rust or thick oil stains, add a scrubbing device to remove firmly attached stains by rotating the brush and rubbing it against the surface of the workpiece with cleaning solution. The cleaning solution in the main cleaning process is recycled, and impurities are removed through a filtration system to extend its service life and reduce operating costs.

　　漂洗環節清除工件表面殘留的清洗液和雜質，避免二次污染。經過主清洗的工件表面會附著少量清洗液，漂洗環節通過噴射清水或去離子水將殘留物沖洗干凈。漂洗通常分 1-3 級，一級用循環清水，二級用過濾后的潔凈水，高精度要求場景會增加三級去離子水漂洗，防止水中礦物質在工件表面形成水印。漂洗水溫略低于主清洗溫度，既保證效果，又避免水分蒸發過快導致雜質殘留。有干燥需求的工件，漂洗后經瀝水段，通過傾斜輸送或壓縮空氣吹掃，去除表面大部分水分，為干燥做準備。

　　The rinsing process removes residual cleaning solution and impurities from the surface of the workpiece to avoid secondary pollution. After the main cleaning, a small amount of cleaning solution will adhere to the surface of the workpiece, and the rinsing process will rinse off the residue by spraying clean water or deionized water. Rinsing is usually divided into 1-3 levels, with the first level using recycled water and the second level using filtered clean water. For high-precision scenarios, a third level of deionized water rinsing will be added to prevent minerals in the water from forming watermarks on the surface of the workpiece. The rinsing water temperature is slightly lower than the main cleaning temperature, which ensures the effect and avoids impurities remaining due to rapid evaporation of water. Workpieces with drying requirements are rinsed and then drained through a drainage section. Most of the surface moisture is removed by inclined conveying or compressed air blowing to prepare for drying.

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